Friday, January 8, 2021

Rememerbing Harold Mulherin by Mike Maloney

Harold Mulherin III — RIP

by

Michael T. Maloney

Professor Emeritus

John E. Walker Department of Economics

January 3, 2021

Harold used to love to say, “I’m working for Mike Maloney.” It was a play on the movie, Blazing Saddles, where Slim Pickens confronts Dom Deluise with a similar line. Appropriate because Harold and I probably watched Blazing Saddles together a thousand times usually waking up mid-way through the second loop of the VHS, and I did hire Harold. Back in 1985. I hired him over the phone based on nothing but a second-hand recommendation from Ben Klein through Matt Lindsay and the knowledge he was from Savannah. Sometimes shooting from the hip pays off.

Harold and I were rowdy friends straight off. Probably too rowdy. I could tell a million stories about our revelry, fun and reckless, but just one will do. My first trip to France enjoyed his company. My wife and I met him in Paris in route to Brussels for a conference. My wife planned several stops at cathedrals along the way, to which I gave a grave and doubtful look. Harold said, “Don’t worry. Next to every cathedral is a pub.” He was right. We were told by Marty that we missed the thumb (or was it nose?) of John the Baptist, but the beer was good. True to our Scotch-Irish stock, we always drank standing because in France it is cheaper that way.

I’ll leave the other tales for another time, but more interesting are the subtle stories, like the pre-historic sea-monster found in the Savannah city pond, which was, in fact, a tarpon placed there by his own self and companions. The story was told to me in snippets over a period of 10 years. It was like Old Man and the Sea. It involved his father, and tarpon fishing, and a reel with a bird’s nest of tangled line, and a fish that stayed dormant on the bottom until the line was untangled, and drinking too much, and not ever drinking again, and the meaning of life. It unfolded in disjoint segments like a Quintin Tarantino movie. I finally pieced it all together, and it was who Harold was to me. No doubt, others have had their own revealing moments because Harold was a complicated character.

However, his scholarship was uncomplicated. Collect a pile of data and see what it says. And he did time and again. He came to Clemson with a dissertation job-market paper that was a killer. He had read 10,000+ natural gas contracts and had laid out a theory consistent with the evidence that explained why, for instance, sometimes the well owner paid for the feeder line and sometimes the pipeline company did so. I had already hired him but needed to push him through the hoops so he gave his paper. It is still in my lecture notes. His presentation style was a bit too flippant for some, but that’s a chairman’s job: throw oil on the seas of discontent.

Harold and Mason Gerety started a project of dubious promise. They were hand collecting NYSE volume data from the beginning. Why wasn’t clear. Matt and I were content to let them run with it; Bobby, less so. Nonetheless, they collected data, day and night, for a year. They clocked more hours than Mark Mitchell who was always last to leave Sirrine at night and often beat me in the next morning. In the end, Harold and Mason were able to say something profound in my opinion. Trading patterns reflect the Fisherian principle: assets trade to allocate risk to those most capable of bearing it.[1]

In the late ‘80s, one of my Master’s students got the idea of looking at the stock market reaction to the Challenger Disaster. This was the blossoming of event studies. The first attempt was somewhat crude—just daily returns that pointed to the culprit—but it piqued Harold’s interest. He thought that intra-day trading would show something more profound. I was not sure he was right but he did talk me into a ten year struggle with the data from which Harold painted a picture of his Coasian belief in the magic of markets. Independent, autonomous actors using the stock market to express their insight pinpointed the cause and effect of the explosion of the space craft in essentially a matter of minutes.[2]

Harold retired several months ago. Jeff Netter asked me to try to talk him out of it. I talked, but I think my efforts actually pushed in the opposite direction. I asked Harold to join us on our last fishing trip in October. He declined probably because of declining health, which was unknown to me. I bought several new fishing rigs (Harold would not allow them to be called fishing “poles”) in anticipation of an upcoming, full-blown season with him—alas, not to be. Maybe Taylor, Skip, and I will go make the run into McQueens one more time in his memory.


[1] Trading Halts and Market Activity: An Analysis of Volume at the Open and the Close” at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1992.tb04682.x

[2] “The complexity of price discovery in an efficient market: the stock market reaction to the Challenger crash” at http://maloney.people.clemson.edu/challenger.pdf

Thursday, January 7, 2021

Susan Woodward correspondence with Harold Mulherin over the Pandemic

 

Correspondence with Harold Mulherin over the Pandemic

by
Susan Woodward

January 7, 2021

 

March – is it serious?  Can I really not visit my mom? Yes. Es ist Ernst. And the announcement that Harold is retiring. I thought he might be squabbling with colleagues, not out of the question, but retire?  That seemed too much. 

May – Oliver Williamson died.  Harold reported that OW learned from James Buchannan how to get ahead in the world – go to Europe every summer, say the same thing over & over.  Harold was always aggrieved that Armen did not win a nobel prize.  But Armen was not a lobbier. Harold reminded me that when Jack Hirshleifer asked his class “why do people bet on sports games?” he answered “because it makes the beer taste better.” Jack was not ready for that creative answer, but it is a profound answer.  

August – we exchanged fantasies and strategies for getting to Europe. Harold said was ready to bolt if he could find a country to let him in. Maybe spend the rest of the pandemic in Verona. We lamented that in America, everywhere the clams are too big for a good spaghetti alle vongole, and we were missing it acutely.  Still are! 

October – Harold was full-time in Savannah, rather enjoying life there.  Page is gardening, planting collards which will be ready to harvest in early January, when it is good luck to eat them.

November – on the occasion of E Lazear’s death, Harold asked -- should Armen get credit for teaching Lazear? Harold still looking to bolster Armen’s CV.

I’m thinking especially fondly of the trip to Rome when I spent 5 days with Harold and Louise.  Lots of good food, spaghetti alle vongole, and cacio e pepe, and we made an excursion up the Aventine to Sant’Anselmo to hear the Benedictines chant the vespers. Harold was always wanting Louise and me to move faster.  It was May, and warm, and Louise said she wanted to move slow enough to not break into a sweat.  This was fine with me.” 

Related link: Susan Woodward Remembers Armen Alchian available at

https://uneasymoney.com/2015/08/19/susan-woodward-remembers-armen-alchian/

 

Tuesday, January 5, 2021

Remembering J. Harold Mulherin

J. Harold Mulherin — RIP

by

Kam-Ming Wan

January 5, 2021

 


My relationship with Harold Mulherin was a magical one and can be best described by main characters in the Harry Potter novels.  Harold was like “Albus Dumbledore” and I was like “Harry Potter.” Harold was a wise and dedicated friend and our friendship was simple: Harold was a generous giver and I was an eager taker.

With great fortunate, Jonathan Karpoff introduced Harold to me in a WFA conference in Sun Valley, Idaho in 2000. Our friendship blossomed after the passing of Professor Armen Alchian because we shared a common conviction for Armen’s inspiring works and warm personalities as well as the UCLA tradition in economics.

Harold’s devotion for the UCLA tradition was uncompromising. When Harold was the first-year doctoral student at UCLA, he earned A+ in mathematical economics and two econometric courses. Due to his outstanding quantitative abilities, he was assigned to TA for undergraduate microeconomic classes which used the Hal Varian textbook. However, this assignment was contradictory to his ultimate goal to teach UCLA tradition in economics.  Harold was courageous and declined the assignment reasoning that if he wanted to teach Professor Hal Varian’s type of economics, he would have gone to Michigan (where Professor Varian was then located) to pursue his doctoral degree. Luckily, a pareto optimal outcome was reach because he was reassigned to lead quiz sections for Professor Victor Tabbush who used Alchian & Allen (Exchange and Production). Harold was gratified and his perseverance paid off because he got the highest rankings of all teaching assistants.

Harold was an “actions speak louder than words” person. To express his admiration for Professor Alchian and the UCLA tradition, he put that in action and launched a Special Issue in the Journal of Corporate Finance to honor Professor Alchian for his intellectual contributions to our profession. To accomplish this mission, he assembled an “Order of the Phoenix” comprising his confidants and colleagues such as Susan Woodward, Michael Maloney, Duncan Cameron, Harry DeAngelo, Thomas Hazlett, and Jonathan Karpoff. The Special Issue is a “Mirror of Erised” which shows Harold’s deepest and most monumental contributions of Professor Alchian including property rights economics, theory of the firm, capital markets, and corporate governance.[1]

Harold was a “talk-the-talk and walk-the-walk” editor. His editorial leadership was proactive and similar to the Coasian style.[2] For a decade, Harold was the co-editor for the reputable Journal of Corporate Finance which was founded by Professor Ken Lehn to publish meaningful empirical papers in corporate finance. Together with Jeff Netter and Annette Poulsen, they were the fantastic trio who set a clear mission to advance the right kind of financial economics, especially those with solid theoretical foundations, real-world relevance, and policy implications.[3] 

To follow up with his “talk-the-talk” mission, Harold’s research had “walked-the-walk” since his early days at UCLA. In Harold’s dissertation, he set out to examine two fundamental economic questions: (1) what affects contractual complexity across firms? And (2) what impacts vertical integration across time? To enrich our understanding of these questions, Harold pored over 10,000 natural gas contracts between natural gas producers and pipelines. He found that natural gas contracts are more complex when producer assets are more specific (i.e., less pipelines and more producers), a result consistent with Klein, Crawford and Alchian.[4],[5] Harold also found that regulations are the main determinants of vertical integration across time. Specifically, the federal regulations in the 1930s caused vertical segmentation of the natural gas industry, whereas deregulations in the 1990s triggered vertical integration because firms were allowed to merge vertically to reduce transaction costs.[6] His dissertation shows that transaction costs and governmental regulations are essential determinants of economic organizations.

His dissertation inspired many to address meaningful economic questions including me.  I collected over 10,000 CEO compensation contracts to examine the complexity of such contracts and its relationship with CEO power because powerful CEOs are commonly misconstructed as entrenched and use flexible and opaque (i.e., less complex) contracts to obtain excessive compensation. Although compensation to some powerful CEOs are perceived as “outrageous,” these CEOs are inspirational, game changing, and irreplaceable. They are the good outliers in the business world. Do you consider $600 million in CEO compensation exceptional? If so, you should ask Apple’s shareholders whether the late Steve Jobs deserved to obtain that mega stock options grant in 2000.  Similarly, do you consider $55 billion in CEO compensation outrageous?  If so, you should ask Tesla’s shareholders whether Elon Musk deserved to obtain that massive compensation package in 2018.[7],[8]  

Harold was a “fictional” mentor to me because he was surreal: wise, caring, and protective in every meaningful ways. Our mentorship is unsophisticated: Harold gave thoughtful and timely advices which I executed willingly and delightfully. When Professor Harold Demsertz, an intellectual giant in our profession, left us, Harold was the first group of people who initiated the Demsetz conference to celebrate his lives and works. Even in his darkest hours and our most challenging circumstances, Harold always stood by me and gave me countless considerable but uncompromising advices because he truly admired Professor Demsetz’s immense contributions and the UCLA tradition. I am so sad that Harold has left us unanticipatedly. However, my memories of Harold are always alive which is similar to what Harry Potter felt after Albus Dumbledore has gone to a better place: “He [Dumbledore] will only be gone from the school [Hogwarts] when none here are loyal to him.”

The tragic loss of Harold reminds me an ancient wisdom “As is a tale, so is life: not how long it is, but how good it is, is what matters.[9] Harold’s infectious laughs, truthful friendship, honest but thoughtful advices, and uncompromising passion for good research and beers will be sorely missed.